Method of manufacturing hose



R. BERKOWITZ 7 2,146,559 METHOD OF MANUFACTURING HOSE Feb. 7, 1939.

Original Filed .Jan. 19, 1953 INVENTOR Roberf Bel-$020212 g, I ATTORNMso closedz.

Patented Feb. -7,' 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Robert mime MetalHose 8t Tubing a corporation ofNew Original application 652,460. Dividedv 19, 1933, Serial a claims.

This invention relates to a method of manufacturing hose, being a methodwhich is particularly, though not exclusively, adapted for themanufacturing of a gasoline hose such as is disclosed and claimed inapplication Serial No. 652,460 Patent No. 2,079,598, of which this'is adivision.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved method for themanufacturing of hose.

A further object is to provide an improved method for the manufacturingof a hose which will have its rubber portions suitably protected againstthe deteriorating effects of such liquids, for instance solventhydrocarbon fluid, as the hose may be used to convey.-

A further object is to provide an improved method by which to produce apractical and efficient gasoline proof hose.

Other objects and aims or less specific than those referred to above,

be in pilv obvious and course of the following description of theelements, combinations, arrangements of parts and applications ofprinciples constituting the inven-- as tion; and the scope of protectioncontemplated 1 will be indicated in the appended claims.

In the accomp nyin drawing which is to be' taken as a part of thisspecification, and in which the essential steps of procedure are clearlydisand of the invention, more will Figs. 1, 2, 3 cessivestepsofthemethodtobepursuedinthe production of the hose.

The various steps pursued in the manufacture as of hose as abovereferred to may be described as follows: g i Being provided with asuitable length of the nenme corrugated metallic'tube, asL, the micoperation is that of applying onto the outer sur- 40 face onto, a layerof fabric to constitute the protecting element or guard N, asillustrated in Fig. 1.

After the guard N-has been applied, the hose, as thus far completed, isintroduced into a tube of suitable material for constitutingtheprotectinglayer'orsheathG. ThislayerGmaybe formed at the time of itsapplication about-the hose, or at any time previously to itsappllcation.It preferably however, though not n, is formed as a complete tubularelement prior to its application and when in this formis slid or telepedover the hose, and itis of such diametrical proportions with respect tothe however which Jtisdrawnorappliedastohaveoulyavery- 00., Inc.,Brooklyn, N.

in part. pointed out in the d 4 illustrate respectively the sucof saidtube, as by braiding or weavins thereto follow N. Y., assignor reekJanuary 19, 1933, Serial No.

this application October loose fit to said hose, as suggested by theillustration Fig. 2.

At the time of its application onto the hose the material of the layer Gis. in a relatively soft plastic condition, being relatively moist andin a 5 sense uncured.

A period of time is now provided to permit the drying and curing of thematerial of the layer G, thereby causing or permitting it to shrink intoa closer hugging relationship with respect to the 10 surface of theguard layer N. i If the layer G be formed at the time of its applicationonto the hose it may be of a size to loosely lit the hose as abovedescribed or to more tightly fit the hose if preferred. In any event 15however it is prefe bly allowed to partly dry and shrink so as to moreclosely fit the surface of the guard layer N and be formed as a resultof such fitting to correspond to some extent with thguneven surfacecontour of said guard layer.

Prior to enclosing the guard layer N within the tube or layer G asoftening agency or a preservant as 4 is introduced as for instance bycausing. a quantity of gLvcerine or other appropriate material to becontained in or carried by of the guard layerN so that said softeningagency will appear both on the inner surface of the guard layer N wheresaidguard engages the metallic surface of the liner and on the outersurface of said guard layer where said guard layer engages, or isengaged by, the layer G.

After the application of the layer G has been completed, and preferablyafter the layer G has shrunk somewhat, then the rubber covering H isapplied preferably by being formed, as by exuding, directly onto andabout the outer surface of the tube G, as indicated in Fig. 3.

Following the application of the rubber cover-- ing B then the fabriccovering A is applied, as

directly onto the outer surface of the rubber covering H, therebycompleting the hose It is intended that the application of the rubbercovering H. and of the fabric covering A about the layer G will exert'apressure against the outer surface of said layer G suitable to cause thematerlal of said' layer G and of the layer N-to be forced to a desirablyslight extent into the spaces between the corrugations of the metallicliner, and also suitable to cause the material of the b0 layer'G to beinto intimatecontact with the surface of the guardla'yer'N so as to bemade in. cross section the multitude of ridges the material 25 Fig. '4,preferably by being woven 40.

and depressions of the surface of said guard layerNandtotakearelativelypermanentsetintbis so The layer or sheath Gconsists of a cellulose composition such as Cellophane". It is only ofsufiicient thickness to afford ample bulk and body for convenienthandling and for offering the requisite efficiency against penetrationofgasoline or other liquids therethrough, being in practice usually muchless than one-sixteenth inch thick. In the finished hose it closely hugsthe'guard layer N sinking into and about the de ressions and ridges ofthe guard N so as to have a cross sectional contour followingsubstantially the outer surface contour of said guard layer N, asclearly indicated in the drawing Fig.3.

The material of the layer G in the finished hose is flexible andresilient so-that it is capable of being extended, as on the convexedside of a bent hose, or condensed, as on the concaved side of a benthose.

By reason of the elastic character of the ma terial of the layer G, andthe transversely corrugated cross sectional contour of said materialfollowing the outer surface contour of the layer N, thelayer G isreadily capable of extending Or of condensing longitudinally of the hosewhenever the hose is bent one way or the other. The ridges anddepressions formed in the material of the layer G, by the forced contactof said material with the exterior surfaceof the layer N, together. withthe slightly corrugated surface of the layer N following thecorrugations of the liner L, define a multitude of more or lessuniformly distributed and independently bendable sections throughout theextent of the layer G said, sections merely straightening out withrespect to each other to provide the required increased length in thedesired direction when the hose is flexed-one way,'and crowdingtogetherto reduce and the layer G, and for length when the hose is flexed in theopposite way. The softeningagency or preservant is introduced into thestructure intended for preserving the flexibility and elasticity both ofthe layer N at the same time providing a lubricant between said layer Nand the metallic exterior surface of the metallicliner so that theridges of the liner may more easily slide and move along the opposingsurface portions of the layer N. Any desired softening agency may beemployed, such for instance as glycerine, and it may be applied in anysuitable manner as for instance by being carried by the threads of thelayer N, having been applied to said layer N either after itsapplication onto the metallic liner L or at the timeof its application,the material of the layer N being in any case substantially sat-, uratedwith the softeningagency so that the .portion of said softening agencywhich is at the inner surface of the layer N contacts and provides alubricant against the metallic'surface of the liner, and the portionwhich'is at the exterior surface of the layer N contacts the material ofthe layer G- to constitute both a lubricant and a.

preservant for the material of said layer G suitable to materiallyprolong the life of said layer G.

The metallic liner at all times serves to reinforce the 'hose againstcollapse from external pressure and against acute flexing, and thusguards the layer G against damaging strains. It may be of any approvedconstruction, that lllus-.

trated being of the well dmbwn. standard type made from a single stripofthin sheet metal bent into S cross, section and spiral form and havingits convolutions overlapping and interlocked.

The rubber covering H may be of anydesired consistency and thickness.The outer fabric covering-A preferably consists of coarse woven fabricor canvas being preferably .woven directly about the rubber covering H,and

beingvamply' flexible and elastic to readily accommodate the bending orflexing movements of the hose. In the operation of applyingit-asufiioient tension is given to its component strands so that itoperates to compress the rubber toward the:

metallic liner.

The protecting element or guard layer N is formed preferablyoffabric,and maybe of a braided type as indicated, or of a woven type ifpreferred. It is preferably of a somewhat finer texture however than thefabric covering A, the component strands being of smaller diameter thanthe component strand of the covering A. It

is also preferably somewhat softer than the fabric A so that it offers amore resilient cushion between the gasoline proof layer G and themetallic surface of the liner.

This guard element N is amply flexible and elastic to readilyaccommodate the bending and flexing movements of the hose. It bridgesfrom ridge to ridge along the liner and acts as a resilient support tohold the layer against sinking so far into the grooves of the metallicliner as to be pinched between the opposing wall of the grooves when thehose is flexed. As the various steps herein proposed with re-. spect tothis method may be modified within certain limits without departing fromthe scope of the invention as defined in the following claims, it isintended that all matter contained in the above description or shown inthe accompany n drawing shall be,interpreted as illustrative only andnot in a limiting sense;

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:- v

1. The herein described methodof producing a gasoline hose, which methodconsists in providing an inner tubular member having a tubular fabriccover thereon; impregnating said cover with a quantity of material toserve as a plasticizer fora gasoline proof sheath to be applied oversaid cover, applying said gasoline proof sheath over said cover,applying a rubber cover over said sheath in a manner to hold thesheathin firm engagement with said impregnated cover,'and finallyapplying an outer cover to press and hold the rubber against the sheath.

2. The. herein described method of producing applying a rubber coverover said tubular sheath in a manner to reduce the diameter of said tu.-bular sheath and press the sheath against the surface of the impregnatedcover, and finally applying an outer cover to press and hold the rubberagainst the sheath.

3. The-herein described method of producing a gasoline hose, whichmethod consists in providing an inner tubular member having a tubularfabric cover thereon, telescoping said covwill shrink closer to contourmating the contour of the rough surface ered inner tubular memberrelatively into a tubular gasoline proof sheath which is normally toolarge to tightly fit said covered inner tubular member but which willshrink closer to said covered tubular member after the'telescopingoperation, allowing said sheath to shrink, and then applying a.protectingpover over said sheath in a manner to'press the sheath intotight and intimate surface contact with the cover of said inner tubularmember.

4. The herein described method of producing a gasoline hose, whichmethod consists in providing an inner tubular member having a tubularfabric cover thereon having a rough outer surface, telescoping saidcovered inner tubular member relatively into a tubular gasoline proofsheath which is normally too large to tightly ilt said covered innertubular member but which ber after the telescoping operation, allowingsaid sheath to shrink, and then applying a protecting cover over saidsheath in a manner to press the sheath into tight and intimate surfacecontact with the cover of said inner tubular member to thereby make saidsaid covered tubular mem- A of thecover of saidi nner tubular member.

5. The method of producing a hose for con-' veying hydrocarbons like,which method consists in providing an inner member, telescoping saidtubular member tubular into a tubular hydr .such as gasoline and theocarbon proof sheath which is too large to tightly fit said innertubular member but which will shrink closer to said tubular member afterthe telescoping Operation, 10

permitting said sheath to shrink andthen applya ing a cover over saidsheath. I

6. The method of producing a hose for conveying hydrocarbons such asgasoline and the 7 like, which method consists in providing an innertubular member comprising a metal liner for the hose,.telescoping saidtubular member into a tubular sheath of cellulose material which isnormally too large to tightly fit said inner tubular member but whichwill shrink closer thereto after 20 the telescoping. operation, allowingsaid sheath to shrink and then outside said sheath.

sheath of a cross sectional applying a rubber covering ROBERT BERKowrrz.25

